AAPI: June 2026

1. India's Revolution in Medical Education: Harnessing AI and VR for the Future Healthcare Professionals

ET Gov. April 20. 2026

"We demand a new generation of healthcare professionals equipped with both scientific rigour and unprecedented technological sophistication."

There is a profound transformation taking shape in India, unfolding quietly within classrooms, laboratories and training centres across the country. Artificial Intelligence and immersive technologies are steadily reshaping the foundations of how we learn, teach and prepare the next generation.

This moment is historic because it compels us to rethink not only the instruments of education but the architecture of opportunity itself.

Public life teaches us that nations advance when learning systems evolve faster than the challenges that confront them. India stands at precisely such a juncture. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the Government of India has demonstrated a clear understanding of this responsibility. The National Education Policy 2020 was the first comprehensive framework of this century to redefine the purpose and processes of learning.

Its emphasis on flexibility, multidisciplinary thinking, and technology-driven pedagogy has already begun to shift the axis of Indian education, and with another layer of AI & VR added to the education system, will help further unlock the potential of the NEP.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision for Artificial Intelligence centred on "Make AI in India" and "Make AI work for India" is now rapidly transitioning from a strategic vision into a tangible reality. Through Centres of Excellence led by our premier IITs and IISc, we are deliberately directing emerging technologies toward sectors that shape our country's long-term well-being.

In the foundational education sector, the AI Centre of Excellence at IIT Madras, alongside the TARA app for reading fluency, eJaadui Pitara, and the SOAR programme for AI literacy, underscores a profound, overarching truth. India is no longer merely preparing its children for the future; we are actively preparing the future for our children.

Yet, from the vantage point of public policy, no educational transformation is truly complete until it fortifies the most sensitive and consequential pillar of national development: healthcare. If education strengthens a nation, medical education safeguards its very survival. Facing rising patient loads, increasingly complex diseases, and an urgent need for precision-driven care, traditional pedagogies alone are no longer sufficient.

We demand a new generation of healthcare professionals equipped with both scientific rigor and unprecedented technological sophistication.

This is precisely where the integration of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality (VR) shifts from a technological luxury into an absolute clinical essential. Consider the democratic power of this technology: through advanced virtual simulations, a nursing student in a remote district college can now receive the exact same depth of hands-on, risk-free practice as their counterpart in an elite metropolitan hospital.

Homegrown innovators in the field of VR are already demonstrating this global potential, building immersive, Make-in-India medical training tools tailored to our unique institutional realities.

To institutionalize this shift, we are executing a systemic, government-led overhaul. Under the ambit of the IndiaAI Mission, we are committing to a five-year runway of robust computing infrastructure and healthcare-specific dataset creation. Concurrently, the health-dedicated AI Centre of Excellence, spearheaded by the TANUH Foundation at IISc, is actively bridging the critical gap between academic research and clinical floor application.

However, infrastructure is merely potential without capable human hands. To forge the algorithm-fluent healers of tomorrow, we have operationalized the National AI Doctors Mission (NAIDM) and the NBEMS AI Training Programme. This pioneering 20-module curriculum—designed in collaboration with global heavyweights like the Mayo Clinic alongside our IITs—ensures our medical faculty and post-graduates master both clinical AI applications and stringent data ethics.

Crucially, we are prioritizing these initial resources for government medical colleges. By injecting these tools directly into public institutions, we guarantee that world-class diagnostic capabilities reach the doctors treating our most vulnerable populations.

In the crucial decade ahead, integrating AI and VR into medical curricula must evolve from experimental pilots to universal, policy-backed mandates. Let me be unequivocally clear: AI will never replace our doctors, nor will VR ever replace the sanctity of real-world clinical experience. Instead, these tools will empower practitioners to diagnose with pinpoint accuracy, build clinical confidence, and ultimately save more lives.

When every medical learner, whether stationed in a rural village clinic or a bustling urban campus, has equitable access to intelligent, immersive training, we will have achieved a monumental milestone. India has chosen a forward-looking path. We will not simply be future-ready; we are destined to define the future of global medicine.

(The author is a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha; Views expressed are personal)

2. Transforming Great Nicobar: India's Maritime Power and Economic Expansion Imperative

ET Gov. 2 May, 2026

For too long, Great Nicobar has remained on the margins of India’s development imagination. The current project seeks to change that—transforming it into a hub of trade, connectivity, and strategic capability.

At a time when the global geopolitical order is being reshaped by maritime competition, supply chain realignments, and strategic contestation in the Indo-Pacific, India’s Great Nicobar Project stands out not merely as an infrastructure initiative, but as a long-overdue assertion of national capability and intent.

Far from being a peripheral development plan, the ₹81,000 crore project represents a decisive step toward integrating India’s island territories into the country’s economic and strategic mainstream—while positioning the nation as a serious maritime power in the 21st century.

A Strategic Asset India Can No Longer Underutilise

Great Nicobar’s geographic location is not incidental—it is transformative. Situated close to the Strait of Malacca, through which a significant portion of global trade flows, the island offers India a rare opportunity to anchor itself at one of the world’s most critical maritime chokepoints.

For decades, India has remained dependent on foreign transshipment hubs such as Singapore and Colombo. The proposed international container transshipment terminal at Galathea Bay seeks to correct this structural imbalance.

Government assessments have consistently highlighted the “strategic location and national importance” of the project, underlining its role in enhancing security and economic resilience. Judicial bodies, including the National Green Tribunal, have also acknowledged this dimension, noting the project’s strategic relevance while allowing it to proceed with safeguards.

In a region where China has aggressively expanded its port infrastructure footprint under the Belt and Road Initiative, India’s hesitation would not be neutrality—it would be strategic withdrawal.

Economic Multiplier for the Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Beyond geopolitics, the Great Nicobar Project is fundamentally about unlocking the economic potential of one of India’s most underdeveloped regions.

The Andaman & Nicobar Islands have long remained isolated from mainstream economic activity due to infrastructure deficits and logistical constraints. The proposed development—comprising a transshipment port, an international airport, power infrastructure, and an integrated township—can catalyse a structural transformation of the local economy.

The project is expected to generate employment, stimulate tourism, enable trade-led growth, and create an ecosystem for logistics and allied industries. Over time, it could transform the islands into a regional economic hub, rather than a remote outpost dependent on mainland support.

In policy terms, this aligns with the broader objective of balanced regional development, ensuring that India’s frontier territories are not left behind in the growth narrative.

Maritime Security and Long-Term Strategic Autonomy

The significance of the project extends into the domain of national security.

India’s maritime doctrine increasingly recognises the Indo-Pacific as a theatre of strategic competition. Control over logistics, surveillance capabilities, and forward-operating infrastructure is becoming central to safeguarding national interests.

Great Nicobar, often described in strategic circles as India’s forward maritime outpost, offers the potential to enhance naval reach, improve domain awareness, and support humanitarian and disaster response operations across the region.

In this context, the project is not optional—it is foundational. Without such infrastructure, India risks ceding strategic space in its own maritime neighbourhood.

Environmental Concerns: Between Legitimate Caution and Exaggeration

No large infrastructure project is without environmental impact, particularly in ecologically sensitive regions. However, the discourse around Great Nicobar has, in several instances, moved beyond evidence-based critique into the realm of exaggeration and, at times, political contestation.

Regulatory clearances for the project have been granted after detailed assessments, and oversight bodies have mandated compliance with environmental safeguards. The National Green Tribunal, while examining objections, concluded that “adequate safeguards have been provided”, allowing the project to move forward.

Government agencies have also emphasised that development will be undertaken with sustainability measures, mitigation strategies, and continuous monitoring.

It is important to recognise that India’s environmental governance framework today is far more robust than in previous decades. Mechanisms for compensatory afforestation, wildlife management, and coastal regulation are integral to project implementation.

The larger question, therefore, is not whether development should occur, but whether it can be managed responsibly. To suggest that infrastructure development must be entirely halted in ecologically sensitive zones is neither practical nor aligned with the aspirations of a growing economy.

The Politics of Resistance

Some of the opposition to the project reflects genuine environmental concerns, which merit attention and mitigation. However, there is also a discernible tendency to frame the project in absolutist terms—where development is portrayed as inherently destructive.

In certain cases, critiques have been amplified through political narratives that overlook the strategic and economic imperatives at play. This risks reducing a complex national project into a binary debate, rather than a nuanced policy discussion.

India’s development trajectory cannot be held hostage to maximalist positions that reject infrastructure expansion altogether, particularly when such expansion is tied to national security and long-term economic interests.

A Defining Test for India’s Developmental State

The Great Nicobar Project ultimately represents a critical test of India’s ability to execute large-scale, strategic infrastructure in challenging environments.

If implemented effectively—with transparency, adherence to safeguards, and continuous stakeholder engagement—it can serve as a model for integrated, security-driven, and economically viable development.

More importantly, it signals a shift in India’s strategic thinking: from a continental mindset to a maritime one, where islands are not seen as distant territories, but as pivotal assets in shaping the country’s global role.

From Peripheral Island to Strategic Nerve Centre

The stakes are undeniably high. But so are the opportunities. In an era defined by maritime competition and economic realignment, the Great Nicobar Project is not merely desirable—it is indispensable.

3. India's Path to Inclusive Growth: Beyond Philanthropy with Naina Subberwal Batra

ET Gov. 30 Apr. 2026

“India has looked West for too long. We need to strengthen our relationships with the East.” — Naina Subberwal Batra

Asia today presents a striking paradox. It is home to some of the world’s fastest-growing economies, rising startup wealth, expanding family offices and an increasing pool of high-net-worth individuals.

Yet the region continues to grapple with persistent inequality, weak social infrastructure, climate vulnerabilities and gaps in healthcare, nutrition and education. As governments confront mounting fiscal pressures and development challenges grow more complex, the role of philanthropy, impact investing and private social capital is being redefined.

Naina Subberwal Batra, Chief Executive Officer of AVPN, has been at the forefront of this evolving conversation. Under her leadership, AVPN has expanded from being a venture philanthropy network into one of Asia’s largest platforms for social investment, bringing together philanthropists, investors, corporations, foundations, governments and civil society organisations.

In conversation with Anoop Verma, Batra discusses why India is at an inflection point in institutional philanthropy, why governments must remain central to scaling social impact, the structural limitations of impact investing, the risks and opportunities posed by artificial intelligence, and why Asia must increasingly shape its own development future rather than relying on Western frameworks. She also shares insights on AVPN’s upcoming global conference in New Delhi and its broader vision for inclusive growth across Asia.

Edited excerpts:

AVPN began as a venture philanthropy network but has evolved into a much broader social investment platform. What drove that transition?

Venture philanthropy was largely an American concept, and frankly, it did not translate naturally in Asia. For many people here, the idea itself seemed contradictory. Venture is associated with wealth creation, while philanthropy is associated with giving money away. For many Asian societies, those two ideas historically sat in very different mental frameworks.

That is why we began moving toward the broader idea of social investment—capital that looks at multiple forms of return. It is not just about financial profit, but also about impact on communities, society and people. We also realised that traditional philanthropy represents only a very small portion of an individual’s wealth—perhaps five percent of their overall financial capacity. The larger question is: what happens to the remaining 95%?

If we are serious about solving challenges such as air pollution, heat stress, waste management and climate resilience, we cannot rely only on charitable giving. We need investment capital flowing into sectors that solve these structural problems. That shift—from philanthropy alone to broader social investment—became necessary because the scale of Asia’s challenges requires far larger pools of capital.

Asia is home to extraordinary wealth creation, yet deep social inequality persists. Why does philanthropic capital still lag behind economic growth?

A major reason is that much of Asia’s wealth is still first-generation wealth. Many wealthy families in Asia are still emerging from what I would call a scarcity mindset. Their first instinct is often to ensure that the next two generations are financially secure before they begin large-scale philanthropic giving. That differs from many Western societies where philanthropy is often institutionalised and, in some cases, driven by tax incentives.

In India and much of Asia, philanthropy is often deeply personal and informal. People give because of values, faith and community obligations. If someone working in your household needs medical help, people contribute. If someone in the community requires assistance, families step in. These acts are generous, but they are rarely captured in formal philanthropic statistics. We are far more generous than the data often suggests. The challenge is that institutional philanthropy is still relatively new.

India’s mandatory CSR framework has arguably done more to formalise philanthropy than anything else in recent years.

India is witnessing a rise in family offices, startup wealth and CSR spending. Is the country at an inflection point in institutional philanthropy?

The mandatory two percent CSR framework was a watershed moment because it unlocked significant capital. India’s wealth largely comes from entrepreneurial families and business owners. Unlike the West, the line between personal philanthropy and corporate philanthropy here is often blurred.

Once companies were required to deploy CSR funds, families became far more engaged in understanding where that money was going and what impact it was creating. One of the biggest outcomes of CSR has been that a large portion of this money has gone directly to NGOs and civil society organisations. That has helped build stronger philanthropic institutions and increased awareness of strategic giving.

Going forward, I believe India will witness the creation of many more foundations and structured philanthropic institutions focused on long-term grant-making. The government is also becoming more open to partnering with private capital in the social sector, which is a very positive shift.

How can philanthropy and impact capital work with governments without becoming overly dependent on state priorities?

The reality is that governments have to be central to social development. Governments are the largest deployers of social capital. No private institution can match the scale at which governments operate. In a country like India, trying to create social impact without working with the government is extremely difficult.

Sometimes wealthy individuals proudly say they have educated a few hundred children. While that is commendable, India has a population of more than 1.5 billion people. Those numbers are simply too small to create systemic change. The government already has the infrastructure—schools, hospitals and delivery systems. What often needs improvement is implementation, curriculum, training and operational efficiency.

That is where private philanthropy can contribute. But partnerships must be structured. There must be clear goals, timelines, accountability frameworks and measurable outcomes. Without that discipline, partnerships become inefficient.

Impact investing is often criticised for prioritising returns over real social outcomes. Is that concern valid?

It is a fair criticism. Many investors begin with a commitment to social impact but gradually become more focused on financial returns. That happens globally. Impact investing remains very nascent in India, and the amount of capital being deployed is still relatively small.

One major challenge is that investors often assume impact investments will automatically generate lower returns. As a result, they place it closer to philanthropic giving than mainstream investment portfolios. That mindset limits scale. Another major challenge is the absence of uniform impact measurement standards.

If every organisation measures impact differently, capital markets struggle to understand what outcomes are actually being generated. Without standardised metrics, scaling impact investing becomes much harder.

Which sectors remain critically underfunded despite having significant long-term societal impact?

Education receives substantial philanthropic attention because many people see it as the primary route out of poverty. But sectors such as health, nutrition and gender remain deeply underfunded. Nutrition is especially critical. If a child does not receive adequate nutrition in the first few years of life, that damage can become permanent.

Similarly, despite being a global pharmaceutical powerhouse and having achieved major public health milestones like polio eradication, India still struggles to deliver affordable healthcare to the last mile. The larger issue is fragmentation. One organisation funds healthcare in one district, another focuses on sanitation elsewhere, and another supports education in a different geography.

There is often very little coordination. If institutions worked together in a concentrated manner, development outcomes would be far stronger. That is precisely where networks like AVPN try to play a role.

Artificial intelligence is transforming multiple sectors. How should philanthropy engage with AI responsibly?

The current conversation often focuses excessively on how AI could increase inequality. But the reality is that AI has already penetrated everyday life. People across income levels use smartphones, digital maps and AI-powered services every day. The real question is whether organisations are using AI effectively to improve productivity and scale impact.

Non-profits and implementation agencies should be using AI to reduce administrative burdens and improve operational efficiency. That would allow them to spend more time on actual service delivery. The challenge is not access—it is meaningful adoption.

If you were advising policymakers, philanthropists and business leaders on building a more equitable Asia, what would be your top priority?

We need stronger partnerships between governments, private sector players and civil society. No single sector can solve these challenges alone. In some Western countries, private capital increasingly wants to replace the government. In countries like India, governments often dominate decision-making.

Meanwhile, civil society is sometimes pushed to the margins despite being critical to implementation. That model is unsustainable.

Governments provide scale and policy direction. Private sector players bring capital and operational expertise. Civil society organisations often understand ground realities better than anyone else. All three must be at the table. No one is the enemy of the other. Everyone wants a safer, more equitable future.

There is also criticism that impact investing often supports politically fashionable sectors while neglecting riskier innovation. How should philanthropy address that?

That is precisely where philanthropy must take greater risks. Philanthropic capital is unique because it does not require financial returns. That gives philanthropists the freedom to fund experimental, innovative and unconventional ideas. They do not need to simply align with official narratives or support only politically safe sectors. If philanthropy can back riskier innovations early, the long-term societal impact could be enormous.

Tell us about AVPN’s upcoming global conference in India.

This year’s theme is “Blueprint for Action in Asia.” AVPN’s Global Conference is now in its 13th year and moves to a different country annually. What makes this platform unique is that it brings together voices from across Asia—countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and others.

Many global forums often underrepresent Asia. This conference aims to change that by creating a platform where Asian nations can discuss their own development priorities. The central question is: what does inclusive growth in Asia look like, and how can Asian countries work together to shape that future?

India has historically looked westward for global frameworks and validation. Now, there is a growing recognition that Asia must increasingly collaborate within itself. That is the larger idea behind this year’s conference—and why India hosting it is particularly significant.

4. Goa Aims to Transform into a Year-Round Tourism Hub with Wellness, MICE, and Cultural Experiences

ET Gov. 29 Apr. 2026

Goa is sharpening its strategy to position itself as a 365-day tourism destination, moving beyond its traditional beach-centric identity and focusing on high-value tourism segments such as MICE, weddings, wellness, Ayurveda, sports tourism and cultural experiences.

At the 15th edition of the Great Indian Travel Bazaar (GITB) 2026, being held in Jaipur from April 26 to 28, Goa outlined its roadmap to transform from a seasonal destination into a sustained, high-value tourism ecosystem with consistent footfall across the year.

The state’s tourism strategy is centred on extending the shelf-life of tourism by attracting higher-value travellers and reducing dependence on peak-season influxes. By building a diverse calendar of festivals and experiences across all seasons, Goa aims to create a year-round tourism model that drives long-term growth.

A major part of this strategy is the “Goa beyond beaches” narrative, under which the state is actively promoting festivals and cultural experiences rooted in its heritage. Traditional celebrations such as Chikhal Kalo, flagship events like Spirit of Goa, and a wider portfolio of community-led and seasonal festivals are being positioned as key tourism drivers.The government is also placing strong emphasis on monsoon tourism, presenting Goa as an immersive and experiential destination even beyond the winter peak season.

Speaking at the inauguration of GITB, Rohan A Khaunte, Tourism Minister, Government of Goa, said Goa offers a strong value advantage over other global destination hubs. "Inspired by initiatives like Dekho Apna Desh and with the continued support of Union Tourism Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, our focus is on positioning Goa as a globally competitive, year-round destination, one that not only delivers consistent value to travellers and partners, but also strengthens India’s presence in high-value tourism segments and drives sustainable, long-term growth for the sector," he said.

Goa is also expanding aggressively into high-value and emerging tourism segments including destination weddings, wellness and Ayurveda, while simultaneously developing sports tourism, culinary tourism and workation-led travel. With a growing focus on attracting Gen Z and experience-driven travellers, the state is leveraging its evolving tourism ecosystem to appeal to a younger and more global audience.

Wellness and Ayurveda tourism have emerged as key pillars of this expansion, with curated offerings that combine traditional healing practices with premium hospitality experiences. At the same time, Goa is strengthening its position in the MICE segment, aiming to increase India’s share in the global meetings and conventions market by leveraging its infrastructure, connectivity and cost competitiveness.

Safety remains another major priority, with focused measures to improve women’s safety and enhance overall traveller security, further reinforcing Goa’s image as a safe and welcoming destination. To support international growth, the state continues to invest in connectivity and overseas market expansion. Building on strong charter traffic, Goa is opening new routes and strengthening ties with emerging markets such as Kazakhstan, while also introducing airline incentive schemes to boost foreign tourist arrivals.

The state is also integrating regenerative tourism principles into its long-term strategy by promoting hinterland experiences, encouraging community participation and ensuring tourism growth contributes to local economies while preserving cultural and environmental integrity. With this multi-pronged approach, Goa is aiming to strengthen its position not just as India’s most recognised leisure destination, but as a globally competitive tourism hub offering value, sustainability and experiences throughout the year.

5. Andhra's new gold mine could change India's import story

ET, 20 Apr. 2026

Key takeaways

Domestic Gold Production: India's first large-scale private gold mine since Independence, Jonnagiri, aims to produce up to 1,000 kg of refined gold annually, potentially boosting domestic output and reducing reliance on imports of over 800 tonnes per year.

Project Scale & Investment: Spanning 598 hectares across three villages, the project has drawn investments of over ₹400 crore, with certified gold resources of 13.1 tonnes, possibly rising to 42.5 tonnes.

Local & Strategic Impact: Beyond mining, the project includes initiatives in education, healthcare, sanitation, drinking water, and skill training, signaling a structural shift toward responsible and globally competitive gold production in India.

Andhra's new gold mine could change India's import story.

Andhra Pradesh is set to host India's first large-scale private gold mine since Independence, with the Jonnagiri project in Kurnool district preparing to begin operations in early May. Developed by Geomysore Services India Pvt Ltd, the project signals a possible shift in India's gold import pattern, as the country looks to strengthen domestic production.

India currently imports over 800 tonnes of gold each year, placing pressure on foreign exchange reserves. Domestic output has remained limited, with Hutti Gold Mines producing about 1.5 tonnes annually. The closure of Kolar Gold Fields in 2000 left a gap in large-scale mining, while public sector firms such as NMDC Ltd have focused on overseas gold assets.

The Jonnagiri project spans nearly 598 hectares across Jonnagiri, Erragudi and Pagidirayi villages and has drawn investments of over ₹400 crore. Andhra Pradesh chief minister Chandrababu Naidu is expected to dedicate the mine to the nation. Mukesh Kumar Meena, principal secretary, mines and geology, Andhra Pradesh, told TOI's Samdani MN, "This is a landmark moment —not just for Andhra Pradesh, but also for India's broader (gold) mining ambitions."

The processing plant was commissioned in 13 months. B Prabhakaran, founder and managing director of Thriveni Earthmovers, said, "Jonnagiri reflects what India is capable of when vision, technology and execution come together. We are not just building a mine, but creating a model for responsible, efficient and globally competitive mining in the country."

The project has certified gold resources of 13.1 tonnes, with exploration indicating a potential increase to 42.5 tonnes. At peak capacity, it is expected to produce up to 1,000 kg of refined gold annually over the next 15 years.

Industry experts say the project could encourage more investment in the sector. Dr Hanuma Prasad Modali, director of Geomysore and managing director of Deccan Gold, said "The success of this project should encourage many investors to come into the gold and critical mineral sector, which is the need of the hour for India, both commercially and strategically." He added, "India should aim at producing at least 50 to 100 tonnes of gold per annum in the next decade."

The project also includes local development initiatives in education, healthcare, sanitation, drinking water and skill training. Government support has helped align it with industrial goals and secure clearances.

Experts say the mine may not immediately reduce imports, but it marks a structural shift as India begins to tap its own gold resources.

Demand softens briefly, even as investment interest stays firm

Gold demand remained muted in early March due to seasonal factors, year-end financial pressures, and price volatility, the World Gold Council said. Purchases were delayed during price spikes, though festival demand offered some support. Exchange of old jewellery accounted for 40–50% of sales, while demand for bars and coins remained strong.

Despite this, jewellery retailers reported strong growth in the January–March quarter, with revenues rising 32%-124% year-on-year, driven by the wedding season and higher spending per purchase. Store expansion also continued, reflecting confidence in demand.

Gold ETFs recorded net inflows of ₹22.7 billion in March, marking the 11th straight month of inflows, though lower due to profit-booking. Total holdings rose to 115 tonnes. Inflows picked up again in early April, while Q1 saw record inflows of ₹316 billion, indicating sustained investor interest.

For more news like this, visit The Economic Times.

More from The Economic Times on their site

- Agriculture, Fishing and Rural Development

6. Which State is Known as the Apple State of India?

Jagran Josh, April 19. 2026, Jasreet Kaur

Key takeaways

Apple Cultivation: Himachal Pradesh is known as the Apple State of India, with over 80% of its fruit-growing area dedicated to apples.

Economic Impact: The apple industry provides employment to thousands and significantly contributes to the state's economy.

Varieties: Popular apple varieties include Red Delicious, Royal Delicious, and Golden Delicious, making Indian apples highly sought after.

Which State is Known as the Apple State of India?

Apple State of India: India is famous for its wide variety of fruits, and apples hold a special place in the fruit market. When people search "Which state is called the Apple State of India?", the answer is Himachal Pradesh. The state is known for its beautiful apple orchards, high-quality fruit, and contribution to the Indian economy. Apples from Himachal are exported across India and even to international markets, making them a symbol of quality. Keep reading more about Apple state of india.

Which State is Known as the Apple State of India?

Himachal Pradesh is known as the Apple State of India because apple cultivation covers more than 80% of the fruit-growing area. The climate, altitude and fertile soil of Himachal are perfect for apple farming. The districts of Shimla, Kullu, Kinnaur, Mandi and Chamba produce the majority of Himachal apples that reach Indian markets. This apple cultivation provides employment to thousands of farmers every year.

Apple Bowl of India

The apple revolution in Himachal Pradesh started in the early 20th century when Samuel Evans Stokes introduced the Red Delicious variety in Kotgarh, Shimla. This move completely transformed the economy of the state. Himachal apples, especially the Red and Royal Delicious, soon gained popularity across India. Today, apple farming is the backbone of agriculture in Himachal Pradesh, often called the Apple Bowl of India.

best apple

Other Apple Producing States in India

Jammu & Kashmir

Jammu & Kashmir is the largest producer of apples in India, contributing more than 70% of total production. It is famous for varieties like Ambri, Red Delicious, and Golden Delicious. Apple farming is the main livelihood in Kashmir Valley, and Kashmiri apples are exported globally for their taste and quality.

Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand produces apples in Nainital, Almora, and Chamoli, where the climate supports sweet and crisp varieties. The state is now shifting towards organic apple farming, which is in high demand in urban markets. Uttarakhand apples are gaining popularity because of their freshness and pesticide-free quality.

Arunachal Pradesh

Arunachal Pradesh has become a rising hub for apple production in Northeast India. Its cold climate and hilly areas provide favorable conditions for apple orchards. Farmers are adopting modern farming methods, making Arunachal apples more competitive in the national market.

Nagaland & Sikkim

Nagaland and Sikkim are small but growing apple-producing states. Though production is lower than Himachal or Kashmir, the states are focusing on organic and natural farming methods. Over the years, their apple orchards have gained recognition for quality produce.

Interesting Facts About Apple

1. Jammu & Kashmir is the Largest Producer

Jammu & Kashmir contributes the highest share of apples in India, making it the apple leader of the country. Kashmiri apples are loved for their unique flavour, and they dominate both domestic and export markets.

2. Himachal Pradesh is the Apple State of India

Himachal Pradesh is not the largest producer, but it is called the Apple State of India because of its rich apple culture. Himachal apples are known for their long shelf life and high demand across India.

3. Apple Varieties in India

India grows many famous varieties like Red Delicious, Royal Delicious, Golden Delicious, and Ambri. These varieties have different flavours and textures, making Indian apples popular worldwide.

4. Apple Farming Supports the Economy

Apple farming provides employment and income to thousands of farmers in hilly states. The apple industry boosts local economies and contributes to India's fruit exports.

5. Apples as a Cash Crop

In Himachal and Kashmir, apples are considered a cash crop because they provide higher returns than most other fruits. This makes apple farming a major driver of economic growth in these regions.

- Industry and Manufacture

11. IndiaAI Global Acceleration Programme: 10 Startups Selected for International Growth

ET Gov. April 20. 2026

The second cohort includes startups working across sectors such as health tech, climate tech, edtech, satellite intelligence and cognitive AI.

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has selected 10 Indian startups for the second cohort of the IndiaAI Startups Global Acceleration Programme, aimed at supporting their global expansion.

The initiative, under the IndiaAI Mission, is being conducted in partnership with Station F, Paris, and HEC Paris, providing selected startups with access to international markets, mentorship and global networks.

According to the official statement, the programme is designed to equip startups with resources and strategic connections to scale internationally while strengthening India's position as a global hub for AI innovation.

The second cohort includes startups working across sectors such as health tech, climate tech, edtech, satellite intelligence and cognitive AI.

Selected startups include AI Health Highway India, Awiros, Cognecto, Flaunt, GreenFi.ai (Climateforce Technologies), Infiheal Healthtech, InLustro Learning, PredCo, SkyServe (Hyspace Technologies) and TestAIng Solutions.

The programme comprises a three-week online preparatory module followed by a three-month residency in Paris, where startups will engage with leading European ecosystem players.

The initiative is part of the IndiaAI Mission's Startup Financing Pillar and aligns with India's National AI Strategy to promote cross-border collaboration, innovation and global integration of Indian AI solutions.

12. Sahkar se Samriddhi: Jaipur hosts first regional workshop to accelerate cooperative reforms

ET Gov. 25 Apr. 2026

Senior officials from the Ministry of Cooperation, NABARD and states participate in the first regional workshop on “Sahkar se Samriddhi” in Jaipur on Friday.

As the Union government sharpens its focus on strengthening India’s rural economy through cooperative-led development, Jaipur on Friday hosted the first regional workshop under the Ministry of Cooperation’s nationwide “Sahkar se Samriddhi” initiative—a reform drive aimed at modernising grassroots cooperatives, expanding storage infrastructure, and diversifying income opportunities for farmers.

The workshop, held under the guidance of Union Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah and aligned with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of building prosperity through cooperation, brought together senior officials from the Centre, NABARD, national cooperative institutions, and representatives from states and Union Territories.

The meeting marked the beginning of a broader national outreach programme through which the Ministry of Cooperation intends to accelerate structural reforms in the cooperative ecosystem. At the centre of these reforms is an effort to reposition cooperatives as engines of rural growth, employment generation and local economic resilience.

Officials said the workshop was designed not merely as a review exercise but as a platform to identify implementation bottlenecks, exchange best practices and prepare time-bound action plans for the financial year 2026–27.

A major focus of the discussions was the implementation of the World’s Largest Grain Storage Plan in the Cooperative Sector, one of the Government’s most ambitious efforts to decentralise agricultural storage infrastructure. The initiative seeks to bring warehousing facilities closer to farmers, reduce post-harvest losses, strengthen food security systems and reduce dependence on distant storage networks.

During the session, officials reviewed the progress of loan sanctions, implementation under the Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure framework, identification of suitable Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS), land finalisation, preparation of Detailed Project Reports, and coordination among stakeholders.

States and Union Territories were also asked to present roadmaps for meeting grain storage targets by September 2026 and September 2027.

Representatives from Food Corporation of India, NAFED, NCCF, Central Warehousing Corporation and State Warehousing Corporations outlined plans for warehouse development, identifying storage gaps, operational models, hiring mechanisms and district-level requirements.

Another critical area of discussion was the onboarding of PACS under the framework of the Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority. Officials highlighted simplified registration processes, training mechanisms and the institutional benefits available to cooperatives that become part of the formal warehousing ecosystem.

The workshop also devoted significant attention to the expansion of Multipurpose Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (M-PACS) during FY 2026–27. States presented district-wise targets for forming new societies, improving registrations and expanding business operations.

The broader objective is to transform PACS from conventional rural credit institutions into diversified rural enterprises capable of handling multiple economic activities. Officials discussed strategies to increase deposits, expand credit operations and improve the earning capacity of cooperatives through new business verticals.

This reflects a larger policy shift within the Ministry of Cooperation, which has increasingly pushed for diversification beyond traditional credit functions.

That strategy was also evident in discussions on dairy and fisheries cooperatives, where participants explored ways to strengthen existing societies, expand membership bases, improve procurement systems and create stronger value chains.

Officials also examined revival plans for weak cooperatives and discussed deeper integration with institutional finance networks to improve sustainability.

The emphasis on dairy and fisheries aligns with the government’s broader rural diversification strategy, particularly as policymakers seek to create non-farm income streams in rural India.

The Ministry of Cooperation said the reforms are aimed at making cooperatives more modern, transparent and professionally managed while ensuring stronger participation from states and grassroots institutions.

The Jaipur workshop, officials noted, is expected to serve as a template for similar regional engagements across the country as the government attempts to scale cooperative reforms at a faster pace.

At a time when rural incomes remain a central policy challenge, the government is increasingly positioning cooperatives as instruments of decentralised growth—linking storage, credit, procurement and local enterprise under a single institutional framework.

The success of this strategy, however, will depend not on announcements alone, but on whether these ambitious plans translate into functioning institutions at the village level—where India’s cooperative movement has historically delivered both its greatest successes and its deepest disappointments.

13. 80 times cheaper than lithium: China’s iron battery breakthrough could transform energy storage

27 Apr. 2026. Varun Yadav

Key takeaways

Affordable Alternative: All-iron flow batteries are 80 times cheaper than lithium-ion, offering a promising low-cost solution for large-scale energy storage.

Long-Life Performance: The new highly stable electrolyte allows over 6,000 charge-discharge cycles with virtually no capacity loss, solving previous degradation issues.

Innovative Design: A synergistic molecular strategy creates a structural shield and electrostatic barrier, preventing material degradation and ensuring stable, safe operation.

For the past few years, lithium-ion batteries have been the backbone of the global renewable energy ecosystem, powering sectors such as electric vehicles and consumer electronics. The focus has remained on improving their efficiency and performance so they last longer and handle heavier demands. At the same time, cost and life cycle continue to be key concerns when it comes to lithium-ion batteries.

When there are millions being spent on making lithium-ion batteries cheaper and better, China has run parallel to develop an ‘all-iron flow battery’.

Chinese scientists have achieved a breakthrough in the technology, with the potential to offer an alternative option in renewable energy storage in electrical devices.

Iron batteries are said to be 80 times cheaper than lithium batteries, making a preferable choice if they can be used for a longer period.

As of now, all-iron flow batteries degrade early, making it a useless option for electrical devices. However, it seems to have been changed soon.

A team from the Institute of Metal Research under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) reported the development of a highly stable electrolyte capable of sustaining thousands of charge-discharge cycles with virtually no capacity loss.

According to the press release, the all-iron flow battery offers a low-cost, long-life solution for large-scale energy storage.

How Does It Work?

All-iron flow batteries rely on abundant, inexpensive iron and non-flammable water-based electrolytes. The production costs for iron-based batteries are cheaper than those of lithium batteries.

Until now, companies have preferred lithium-ion batteries as they are more stable and have a long life.

Moreover, all-iron flow batteries have instability in the iron-based anolyte on the negative side of the battery, causing active materials to degrade and leak across the membrane. It reduces the operational life of the battery.

How Does This Breakthrough Happen?

The Chinese research team tackled the problem at the molecular level using what they call a “synergistic design” strategy. At the heart of this approach is a newly engineered iron complex that serves a dual role—as a structural shield and an electrostatic barrier.

Its bulky and rigid framework offers steric protection by physically preventing hydroxide ions from reaching and attacking the iron centre. At the same time, the molecule carries a dense negative charge, creating an electrostatic “force field” that repels similarly charged species, thereby stopping the active material from crossing the membrane.

In a media release, CAS noted, “The battery operated stably for over 6,000 cycles with no capacity decay. After 6,000 cycles, there was no precipitation, no accumulation of by-products and both the structure and reversibility remained intact.”

14. SIDBI MSME Outreach Program: SIDBI Collaborates with Tata Power and IIA to Empower MSMEs in Bijnor

ET Gov. 28 Apr. 2026

Jay Kumar Gupta, GM of SIDBI, is detailing 100% financing options for solar and machinery during the MSME outreach programme.

The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), in collaboration with Tata Power and the Indian Industries Association, organised an MSME outreach programme in Bijnor aimed at enhancing awareness about financial and developmental schemes for micro, small and medium enterprises.

Addressing the participants, Jay Kumar Gupta, General Manager, SIDBI, underscored the institution’s role in strengthening the MSME ecosystem. He elaborated on SIDBI’s range of financial products designed to provide accessible and cost-effective funding solutions tailored to the evolving needs of small businesses.

Gupta highlighted that SIDBI offers up to 100 per cent financing for solar installations as well as machinery and equipment, enabling enterprises to modernise operations while reducing energy costs. He also emphasised SIDBI’s support for business expansion through project finance and working capital assistance.

Describing SIDBI’s approach as a “holistic partnership,” Gupta noted that the institution goes beyond conventional lending by supporting MSMEs in their growth journey, thereby contributing to employment generation and broader economic development.

Vikas Agrawal, Divisional Chairman, IIA, commended SIDBI’s proactive efforts in addressing the financial needs of small-scale industries, noting its consistent role in facilitating access to credit.

Bharat Saxena, representing Tata Solar, highlighted the advantages of adopting solar solutions, encouraging MSMEs to transition towards energy-efficient practices to achieve long-term cost savings.

The programme witnessed active participation from local entrepreneurs, industry representatives and MSME stakeholders, who gained insights into SIDBI’s initiatives and financing opportunities.

The outreach forms part of SIDBI’s ongoing efforts to improve credit accessibility, promote sustainable practices and strengthen the MSME sector, widely regarded as a key driver of India’s economic growth.

15. 'Underground revolution underway in India': Anand Mahindra explains how thousands of MSMEs are quietly becoming world-class manufacturers

ET, 15 May 2026

Key takeaways

MSMEs Driving Growth: Thousands of medium-scale enterprises are steadily becoming world-class manufacturers, quietly strengthening India’s industrial base beyond large corporations.

Support Needed: Anand Mahindra emphasizes better infrastructure, plug-and-play industrial parks, faster approvals, and less operational friction to boost the manufacturing ecosystem.

Underestimated Progress: India’s manufacturing, especially in electronics and Apple’s supply chain, has grown dramatically from $10B in 2014 to $115B today, with real innovation happening at the vendor and tooling level rather than in headlines.

'Underground revolution underway in India': Anand Mahindra explains how thousands of MSMEs are quietly becoming world-class manufacturers

Anand Mahindra has backed a viral post by Shubham Mishra on India’s manufacturing growth, saying the country’s industrial strength is being built quietly through workshops, factory floors and medium-scale enterprises rather than flashy headlines.

Resharing Mishra’s post on X, Mahindra wrote: “The real strength of manufacturing is never glamorous.”

“It grows quietly in workshops, factory floors and industrial sheds, long before the world notices it in economic rankings or headlines.”

Mahindra said India’s manufacturing future would not be driven only by large corporations, but also by thousands of medium-scale businesses steadily becoming globally competitive.

“India’s manufacturing future won’t be built only by giant corporations,” he wrote.

“It will be built by thousands of medium-scale enterprises that are steadily, silently becoming world-class.”

Anand Mahindra Calls For Better Support For MSMEs

Mahindra also stressed the need for stronger infrastructure and easier regulations to support India’s manufacturing ecosystem.

According to him, businesses need:

Better roads

More plug-and-play industrial parks

Faster regulatory approvals

Less operational friction

He added that ease of doing business for medium-scale enterprises could be just as important as incentive schemes aimed at larger companies.

“Ease of doing business for these enterprises is just as important, perhaps even more important, than incentives for large corporations.”

Shubham Mishra Says India’s Manufacturing Growth Is Being Underestimated

In his original post, Mishra argued that India’s manufacturing growth is often underestimated because much of the progress is happening quietly within supplier ecosystems and component manufacturing.

He pointed out that India’s electronics manufacturing output has grown from around $10 billion in 2014 to more than $115 billion today.

Mishra also highlighted India’s growing role in Apple’s global supply chain.

“iPhones went from a rounding error to 14% of global production in five years,” he wrote.

According to Mishra, the real industrial progress is happening at the vendor and tooling level rather than through headline announcements.

“The real story isn't on the press release.”

“It's in the Tier-3 shop in Hosur that finally figured out how to hold ±50 microns on a stamping.”

He also compared India’s current manufacturing phase to China’s industrial rise during the early 2000s.

“China didn't become China in 2015,” Mishra wrote.

“They became China between 2003 and 2018, and most of those years looked exactly like this boring, derivative, ‘they're just assembling.’”

More from The Economic Times on their site

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16. Which city is the tourism capital of India?

Jagram Josh, April 19. 2026, Jasreet Kaur

Key takeaways

Top Attractions: Famous for pristine beaches, UNESCO heritage churches, vibrant nightlife, adventure water sports, and backwater cruises.

Connectivity & Infrastructure: Boosted by Manohar International Airport (Mopa), enhancing both domestic and international access.

Economic Impact: Tourism is a major economic driver, supporting hotels, transport, food services, handicrafts, and events, with over 1 crore visitors annually.

Which City Is the Tourism Capital of India?

For decades, this city has attracted millions of visitors from across India and around the world. Its scenic landscapes, vibrant culture, and well-developed tourism facilities have made it a favourite travel destination. Known for blending natural beauty with cultural richness, this city continues to raise curiosity about why it is widely recognised as the Tourism Capital of India. Keep reading to uncover the details behind this title.

Why Is This City Called the Tourism Capital of India?

Goa is called the Tourism Capital of India because it consistently records one of the highest tourist arrivals in the country. Its long coastline, sandy beaches, heritage architecture, lively festivals, water sports, nightlife and hospitality infrastructure make it a complete tourism destination. Goa attracts both domestic and international tourists throughout the year, making tourism a central pillar of its identity and economy.

Goa Tourism

Overview Detail Information

Tourism Capital of India Goa

Total Tourist Arrivals 1,08,02,410

Domestic Tourists 1,02,84,608

Foreign Tourists 5,17,802

Major Attractions Pristine Beaches, UNESCO Heritage Churches, Vibrant Nightlife, Adventure Water Sports, and Backwater Cruises

New Infrastructure Manohar International Airport (Mopa), which significantly boosted international and domestic connectivity

When Did Goa Become the Tourism Capital of India?

Goa gradually earned its reputation as the Tourism Capital of India during the late 20th century as tourism infrastructure expanded and visitor numbers increased rapidly. Improved air connectivity, coastal development, and global recognition helped Goa emerge as India's most popular leisure destination.

Where Is Goa Located?

Goa is located on the western coast of India along the Arabian Sea. It is bordered by Maharashtra to the north and Karnataka to the south and east. Despite being India's smallest state by area, Goa has one of the longest and most visited coastlines in the country.

What Are the Main Tourist Attractions in Goa?

Goa is famous for beaches such as Baga, Calangute, Anjuna, Vagator, and Palolem. It is also known for UNESCO-listed churches, historic forts, river cruises, spice plantations, wildlife sanctuaries, vibrant nightlife and cultural festivals that attract tourists year-round.

How Important Is Tourism to Goa's Economy?

Tourism plays a vital role in Goa's economy by generating employment and supporting sectors like hotels, transport, food services, handicrafts, and event management. A large portion of the local population depends directly or indirectly on tourism-related activities.

Interesting Facts About Goa

Highest Tourist Footfall

Goa receives more than one crore tourists annually, making it one of the most visited destinations in India.

Strong Domestic Tourism Base

The majority of visitors to Goa are domestic tourists, showing its popularity among Indian travellers for short holidays and festive travel.

International Appeal

Goa continues to attract foreign tourists due to its beaches, relaxed lifestyle and global reputation as a coastal holiday destination.

Year-Round Tourism

Unlike seasonal hill stations, Goa attracts tourists throughout the year due to festivals, monsoon tourism, beach activities and cultural events.

Economic Backbone

Tourism contributes significantly to Goa's state income and provides livelihoods to thousands of people across the hospitality and service sectors.

INDIA and the World

21. Zoho’s Sridhar Vembu urges Indians in the US to return, linking global respect to India’s tech strength

CNBC-YV18, 27 Apr. 2026

Key takeaways

Global Respect & Tech Strength: Vembu emphasises that India’s international standing depends on its technological progress and domestic talent, not just political cycles.

Call to Professionals Abroad: He urges Indians in the US to return home, bringing experience and leadership to boost India’s economy and guide its young population.

Talent Retention: Highlighting the brain drain, Vembu stresses building India’s technological capability to strengthen the nation’s prosperity, security, and civilizational influence.

Sridhar Vembu, founder of Zoho Corporation, has urged Indians living in the United States to consider returning to India, arguing that the country’s global standing will depend increasingly on its technological strength and domestic talent.

In an open letter posted early on X on Monday, April 27, Vembu addressed the Indian diaspora in the US, acknowledging their success while warning of a shift in sentiment. He said a “significant number of Americans” believe Indians “take away” jobs, adding that this perception may not change meaningfully with political cycles.

“You may think the next election will fix this, but your choice would be between people who hate our Bharatiya civilisation and people who hate civilisation itself,” he wrote, referring to what he described as a divide between the “hard right” and the “woke left.”

Vembu argued that respect for Indians globally would be shaped by India’s own economic and technological progress. “If India remains poor… we must not confuse either with respect,” he said, adding that prosperity, security and international standing stem from a nation’s technological prowess.

Highlighting India’s long-standing talent outflow, particularly to the US, he said the country produces sufficient “brain power” but has exported much of it over the years. Building technological capability within India, he suggested, would allow the country’s “civilisational strength” to assert itself.

Calling on professionals abroad to return, Vembu wrote, “Bharat Mata needs your talent,” urging them to bring back experience and leadership to guide India’s large young population towards economic growth.

22. India and New Zealand Sign FTA: A $20 Billion Investment Opportunity

ET Gov. 28 Apr. 2026

Union Minister of Commerce and Industry Piyush Goyal and New Zealand's Trade and Investment Minister Todd McClay embrace each other as they sign the India-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement, in New Delhi on Monday.

India and New Zealand have signed an ambitious Free Trade Agreement that could significantly reshape their economic relationship while reinforcing India’s broader strategy of securing trade partnerships with developed economies amid growing global economic fragmentation.

Signed in New Delhi by Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal and New Zealand’s Trade and Investment Minister Todd McClay, the agreement delivers sweeping market access commitments, expands mobility opportunities for Indian students and professionals, opens new pathways for investment flows, and reflects India’s increasingly assertive trade diplomacy in the Indo-Pacific.

The agreement was negotiated at remarkable speed. Formal talks were launched on March 16, 2025, during New Zealand Prime Minister Christopher Luxon’s visit to India and concluded within nine months after five formal rounds of negotiations and multiple intersessional meetings. For India—often seen as a cautious negotiator in trade matters—this timeline marks a notable shift.

For years, New Delhi remained sceptical of expansive trade liberalisation after concerns that earlier agreements with ASEAN countries had widened trade deficits and exposed domestic sectors to intense competition. India’s withdrawal from the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership in 2019 reflected those anxieties.

However, India’s trade doctrine has evolved significantly over the last few years. Instead of large multilateral arrangements, New Delhi has increasingly pursued targeted bilateral agreements that offer greater strategic flexibility. Agreements with the United Arab Emirates, Australia, the European Free Trade Association bloc, and ongoing negotiations with the European Union and the United States reflect this recalibrated approach.

The New Zealand agreement now becomes another pillar in India’s attempt to deepen economic integration with trusted partners while reducing vulnerabilities in an increasingly volatile global trade environment.

Why New Zealand Matters

At first glance, the trade numbers may appear modest. Bilateral merchandise trade between India and New Zealand stood at approximately $1.3 billion in FY 2024-25, while total trade in goods and services reached nearly $2.4 billion. But the significance of trade agreements often lies in future strategic positioning rather than present trade volumes.

New Zealand is India’s second-largest trading partner in Oceania and offers Indian exporters access to a high-income market with strong regulatory standards. For Wellington, closer ties with India help diversify trade partnerships at a time when many countries are reassessing their economic dependence on China.

Todd McClay described the agreement as a “once-in-a-generation opportunity” that would strengthen exports, create jobs and deepen bilateral ties.

A Major Export Opportunity for India

The biggest immediate gain for India is New Zealand’s decision to provide duty-free access on 100 percent of Indian exports from the day the agreement comes into force. This gives Indian exporters parity with competitors who already enjoy preferential access to the New Zealand market.

Labour-intensive sectors such as textiles, apparel, leather, footwear, engineering goods, processed foods, gems and jewellery are expected to benefit significantly. States such as Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Kerala could emerge as key beneficiaries due to their export strengths.

The agreement also allows India duty-free access to critical manufacturing inputs such as coking coal, wooden logs and metal scrap—an important development as India seeks to strengthen domestic manufacturing competitiveness.

Protecting Sensitive Agricultural Sectors

India has simultaneously ensured that politically sensitive sectors remain protected. Dairy products, onions, sugar, edible oils and several agricultural products remain outside the scope of tariff liberalisation. This was particularly important because New Zealand remains one of the world’s most competitive dairy exporters, led by companies such as Fonterra.

Instead of broad market opening, India negotiated tariff-rate quotas and safeguard mechanisms for products such as apples, kiwifruit and Manuka honey. This reflects India’s increasingly calibrated trade strategy—opening markets where domestic competitiveness exists while protecting vulnerable sectors.

Services and Talent Mobility

One of the most consequential components of the agreement lies in services and mobility. New Zealand has offered India market access in 118 service sectors while extending Most Favoured Nation commitments in 139 sub-sectors. These sectors include IT services, financial services, education, healthcare, construction and tourism.

The agreement also creates a dedicated visa pathway for 5,000 Indian professionals. Indian students stand to benefit as well. STEM graduates can remain in New Zealand for up to three years after graduation, while doctoral graduates can remain for up to four years. This reflects a broader shift in India’s trade negotiations where mobility of skilled professionals has become increasingly central.

The $20 Billion Investment Question

Among the most eye-catching announcements is New Zealand’s commitment to facilitate $20 billion in investments into India. These investments are expected to flow into agriculture, manufacturing, renewable energy, infrastructure, startups and emerging technologies.

If realised, this would significantly deepen bilateral economic engagement. However, trade agreements often announce ambitious investment commitments that take years to materialise. The real challenge lies in execution.

Modi Frames the Deal as Strategic

The political signalling around the agreement has been equally strong. Soon after the signing, Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the agreement and framed it as a long-term strategic milestone.

In a post on X, he said: “Today marks a landmark moment in the India-New Zealand partnership. I am delighted that the India-New Zealand FTA signed today will add unprecedented momentum to our developmental partnership. It reflects the deep trust, shared values and ambition that bind our two nations.”

He added that the agreement would benefit “farmers, youth, women, MSMEs, artisans, startups, students and innovators,” while opening new avenues for growth across sectors.

A Larger Indo-Pacific Strategy

Beyond trade numbers, the agreement carries strategic implications. As global supply chains shift and geopolitical tensions reshape economic partnerships, India is positioning itself as an alternative manufacturing and services hub. For New Zealand, stronger ties with India reduce dependence on China.

For India, the agreement expands its footprint in the Indo-Pacific and strengthens its broader economic diplomacy strategy. The real success of the agreement, however, will depend not on the signing ceremony but on implementation.

If exporters gain scale, investments materialise, and professionals secure new opportunities, the India-New Zealand FTA could become one of India’s most consequential trade agreements in recent years. If execution falters, it risks becoming another ambitious agreement whose potential remains unrealised.

23. India's Modest Anti-Dumping Actions Compared to the US: An In-Depth Analysis

ET Gov. 30 Apr. 2026

While the US often extends trade protections for over 40 years, India remains far more conservative in renewing anti-dumping measures.

Anti-dumping duties are, by design, temporary trade remedies to ensure level playing field for any domestic industry. Under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, when a country finds that foreign goods are being sold below fair market value and hurting domestic producers, it can impose a duty, but only for five years.

After five years, the duty is supposed to expire, unless the government conducts a formal re-examination that investigates if removing the duty would continue to cause injury to domestic industry. If so, then the anti-dumping duty is reimposed.

A study by CDEP Research titled “Comparative Analysis of Trade Remedies used by Key Economies” shows that the US has renewed anti-dumping duties the most number of times among all major economies, with many anti-dumping duties extending to over 40 years.

The CDEP Research study is based on WTO Global Investigations data that tracks how seven major economies have actually used anti-dumping measures across four decades from 1984 to 2021. The findings present a contrast with the positions often taken by advanced economies on free trade, especially on their repeated accusations of India misusing antidumping duties and creating handicapped industries in India.

It is interesting to note that in spite of 40 years of anti-dumping duties on specific products in the US, there has been no accusation or evidence of the US creating handicapped industries.

Understanding how the U.S. uses anti-dumping duties to safeguard their industries?

To understand how a country uses anti-dumping duties, simply counting how many duties it has imposed tells only a part of the story. The more revealing question is the duration of the duties.

Two indicators make this measurable. Duration Intensity, which measures the share of anti-dumping duties that remain in place for more than fifteen years, implying they have been extended at least three times or more. Extension Intensity captures how frequently governments renew duties relative to the total number they have imposed.

On both counts, the United States leads the charts. Between 1984 and 2021, it filed over 535 fresh anti-dumping duties and imposed 1,100 renewals on duties that were supposed to expire. This implies the number of anti-dumping duties renewed by the US is twice the number of fresh anti-dumping duties imposed. In total, the US imposed 1,635 anti-dumping duties and renewals.

So where does India stand?

Over the same period of time from 1984 to 2021, India imposed only 419 anti-dumping duties and only 261 anti-dumping duty renewals. So the total number of anti-dumping duties and their renewals imposed by India in that given period is only 680. This means for every 5 fresh or renewed anti-dumping duties imposed by the US, India imposes only 2.

If an advanced economy such as the US has been imposing antidumping duties with such ferocity and for such prolonged periods of time, in view of being exposed to sustained dumping, it needs to be studied whether India has been prematurely stopping the renewal of anti-dumping duties on the impacted products in India? Is it possible that India faces fewer challenges of dumping than the US?

It is important to take note of a contradiction that deserves wider attention. Indian manufacturing is often described as globally uncompetitive or handicapped by proponents of “free trade”, and yet the volume of anti-dumping action directed at Indian exporters by major economies points in precisely the opposite direction. It shows that Indian products are priced competitively enough to pose a genuine challenge to established industries in those advanced markets.

The above findings of the CDEP Research study show that India imposes far fewer duties than what an economy of its size and level of maturity should impose. India also renews its duties less frequently than every advanced economy studied.

A good analogy to understand the situation is to look at the need for a military. If there has been a military in place to defend the nation for 10 years, should we question why India needs to continue with the military after the end of 10 years or 20 years? Obviously not. However, a similar question is asked when India imposes and extends anti-dumping duties to defend its industries.

There have been voices challenging the need for anti-dumping duties and the need to extend them. Anti-dumping duties are the defence against unfair trade practices.

It is to be noted that several companies have already shut down in India in the wake of dumping by China. In Nylon Filament Yarn alone, over 30,000 MT of capacity have shut down in India. This appears to be a pattern that is happening elsewhere in major economies such as the EU, where, as per Financial Times, dumping has led to a large doubling of plant closures in the Chemicals sector between 2024 and 2025, and a loss of 22,000 jobs from 2022.

The question for India going forward is not whether to use trade remedies, but how to ensure they are notified in a timely and effective manner, thereby ensuring a level playing field for Indian industries.

(The author is President, C-DEP; Views expressed are personal)

24. Fast-track nod for China FDI in seven sectors

Indian Express, 1 May 2026, Dipak Mondal

Key takeaways

Critical Sectors: Seven sectors prioritised for faster approvals include capital goods, electronic capital goods, electronic components, polysilicon & ingot wafer, advanced battery components, rare earth permanent magnets, and rare earth processing.

Expedited Mechanism: Under the amended Press Note 3 (PN3), investments from land-bordering countries (LBCs) like China will be cleared within 60 days, aiming to reduce the backlog of nearly 600 pending proposals.

Cautious Approach: While India encourages foreign investments, officials emphasize safety and security, ensuring all proposals undergo due diligence before approval.

Fast-track nod for China FDI in seven sectors

NEW DELHI: The government has identified seven critical sectors/manufacturing activities for faster approval of investments from China, a senior official told TNIE.

These are capital goods, electronic capital goods, electronic components, polysilicon and ingot wafer, advanced battery components, rare earth permanent magnets, and rare earth processing.

Capital goods include plant machinery, heavy equipment or accessories required for manufacturing. Electronic capital goods mean equipment and machinery used for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, mobile phones, etc.

Electronic components include display module, camera module, printed circuit board, enclosures for mobile phones, etc. Polysilicon is the primary raw material used to produce silicon wafers. This is melted in a crucible to produce an ingot, which is a solid, cylindrical or block-shaped mass of crystalline silicon.

More sectors could be added to this list, a document reviewed by this daily showed.

Under the amended Press Note 3 (PN3) framework, the Cabinet has introduced an expedited approval mechanism to clear investment proposals from countries sharing a land border with India (land-bordering countries or LBCs) in specified manufacturing sectors within 60 days.

These are referred to as LBC investments. In March this year, the government eased restrictions on investments from neighbouring countries, including China, to encourage inflows into critical sectors.

The restrictions were originally introduced in 2020, at the peak of tensions between India and China.

600 proposals await govt approval

After India put FDI curbs through Press Note 3 in April 2020, investments from China dropped. According to DPIIT, nearly 600 investment proposals from China are awaiting approval. The amended PN3 is expected to clear the backlog and open up the investment flow into India.

Investments to be cleared with caution

Officials said while India is open to investments from all countries, including China, it will proceed with caution. “We are keeping our eyes wide open. Safety and security are paramount. The government is willing to facilitate investments, but only with due diligence,” said an official

More from The New Indian Express on their site

25. China unveils micromotors to capture uranium from water

Chinese researchers have created microscopic, light-powered micromotors capable of swimming through water to capture uranium ions, potentially unlocking economically viable extraction from seawater. This advance could tap vast but dilute ocean reserves to fuel China's expanding nuclear power capacity. The innovation may also bolster energy security by reducing reliance on costly mining and imports.

China's breakthrough in uranium capture

Researchers at the Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes have developed light-powered micromotors made from a metal-organic framework, only a few micrometres thick, that can move through water to capture uranium ions like predators hunting prey. This could revolutionise uranium extraction from seawater, which contains billions of tons of uranium at low concentrations. Previous methods were too costly and complex, making this a potentially transformative approach for nuclear fuel sourcing.

Potential to tap vast ocean reserves

The micromotor technology could make uranium extraction from seawater commercially viable, complementing mining and reducing reliance on imports. This aligns with broader trends in nuclear expansion, such as Czechia’s €18 billion investment in new reactors to secure long-term energy supplies. Both cases show how technology and infrastructure investment are reshaping the nuclear fuel landscape.

Strategic role in China's energy transition

China is scaling up nuclear power to replace fossil fuels, requiring a steady uranium supply. Alongside domestic mining projects, innovations like micromotor extraction could enhance resource security. Similar to how European nations are bolstering nuclear capacity in response to energy crises, this development could help China meet future electricity demand from sectors like electric vehicles and data centres.

Broader implications for nuclear fuel supply

If scalable, China's micromotor innovation could impact global uranium markets by introducing a new sustainable source, lowering costs, and diversifying supply. This mirrors strategic considerations in nuclear policy debates, such as those between India and Pakistan, where nuclear capability and resource control remain critical to national security. Advances in extraction technology could therefore play into both energy and geopolitical strategies. Firstpost + 1

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